Traditional Health Care Practices in Africa Essay -- cure and prevent

Traditional healing refers to a set of works passed down through generations which intend to cure and prevent disease. In short, traditional medicine is the practice of health care based on traditional philosophy and the use of traditional medicine. In Africa, it presents as a holistic health care dodge which relies on an accumulation of knowledge of herbs and remedies which include plants, insects, and parts of animals. Traditional African healing is intertwined with traditional religions and spirituality. In Africa, traditional healing is administered by two contrastive types of practitioners sangoma (also called ngoma)spiritual healers and diviners and inyangaherbalists. Although Africa is a continent of diverse cultures and tribes, traditional healers such as these exist across continent, providing 80% of the care for the population. From this information, it is evident that traditional healing is a important practice in the experience of a modern African. Inyanga and sangoma p erform different functions, treating different types of ailments. Inyanga are usually consulted for problems that are a result of a natural misfortune, such as routine illness or injury. They will treat the ailment with a traditional remedy made from medicinal herbs or mixtures of animal parts. Although anyone who wishes to, may become and inyanga, approximately 90% are male. Generally, a man wishing to become an inyanga will apprentice himself to a practicing inyanga before first step his own shop. An inyanga may also provide preventative medicines as well as remedies meant to bring about good luck.Sangoma, on the other hand, treat the spiritual. When an chartless problem occurs, a sangoma is consulted to divine the source. Unlike inyanga, in or... ...journal 74, no. 8, 2007.Kale, Rajendra. Traditional healers in South Africa A parallel healthcare system, British Medical Journal, world(prenominal) edition. 310, no. 6988, 1995.Nelms, Linda W and Gorski, June. The Role of the Afr ican Traditional Healer in Womens Health, Journal of Transcultural Nursing Official Journal of the Transcultural Nursing party / Transcultural Nursing Society. 17, 2006.Hall, James. Sangoma my odyssey into the spirit world of Africa New York Putnam, 1994. Berends, Willem. African Traditional Healing Practices and the Christian Community, Missiology 21, no. 3, 1993.Janzen, John M. Self-Presentation and Common Cultural Structures in Ngoma Rituals of southerly Africa, Journal of Religion in Africa. 25, 1995.McCord, Margaret. The Calling of Katie Makanya a memoir of South Africa. Cape Town David Philip Publishers, 1995.

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Philip Covarrubias Covarrubias 1Fire 101-10 Friday 0900-115012-06-2013Iroquois Theater FireThe Iroquois Theatre (Theater) Fire occurred on December 30, 1903, in Chicago, Illinois. It is the deadliest theater extract and the deadliest single-building harass in United States history. A total of 602 people died as a result of the fire.The theatre had three audience levels. The main floor (known as the orchestra or parquet) was on the same level as the Foyer or Grand Stair Hall. The second level (the dress circle) and the ternion level (the gallery) were accessed through broad stairways that led off the foyer. The backstage areas were unusually large, with dressing rooms on five levels, an uncommonly large gasify gallery (where scenery was hung), and even an elevator available to transport actors down to the stage level. The Iroquois was Chicagos newest and most polished theater, built by architect Benjamin Marshall, who had examine many fires over the years and had tried to make this particular building as safe as possible. The Iroquois was designed in the image of a famous Paris opera house, and the four-story structure contained elaborates stained glass windows and polished wood. The lobby of the Iroquois had a sixty-foot high ceiling and marble walls, and Marshall had put in as many as twenty-five exits that supposedly would take into account a capacity crowd to escape any problems in less than five minutes. A chimneypiece made of asbestos was supposed to be present, one that could be lowered from above the stage to protect the audience in case of a fire that started there. still common sense did not prevail when it came to the seats in the Iroqu... ...ned hysteria. But the exit doors opened inward, and the crush of bodies against the people trying to open them did not allow them to do so. Also, many of the side doors were locked. The Iroquois was plunge d into darkness as the lights went out, and the fire, fueled by the air coming in from the rear doors, exploded throughout the main auditorium.When the fire company arrived, everything appeared normal, as there was no smoke coming out of the Iroquois Theater at first. But when they went into the building, they could not open the doors because of the bodies that were stacked against them. The death monetary value in the upper balconies was tremendous, as the fire escape supposedly leading down to the street a hundred feet below was found to be non-existent, expiration some to jump or fall to their death from the great height. As many as 150 people met their fate in this manner.

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When I was in upper form in secondary school, numbers were a nightmare to me. Additional maths was the major reason of this worse thing that could ever happened to me. Until one day, I got offer from MARA Professional College of Beranang to do a Diploma in Accountancy. It is entirely a right one as I am able to get pointer 4.0 for every net semester examination. As time passes, I am sure that numbers are major concern but in a positive side now. The most interesting part of doing accounting is the flavour of being able to solve the problems, to get the correct figure and to get the Statement of Financial Position balanced is such a satisfaction for me. My academician achievement have always make me smile and sometimes cry also. For a person who is phobia of numbers, I managed to get excellent result for my final examination. Of course it required a lot of hard works but after all, no pain no gain. Today, I am glad and noble-minded to say that I love accounting. During my colleg e years, I was members of the Students Representative Council holding the responsibilities of Exco of Arts an...

Macbeth Was Not Totally Responsible For The Evil Unleashed In Scotland :: essays research papers

Macbeth Was Not Totally Responsible For the Evil Unleashed In ScotlandMacbeth, although largely responsible, was not totally responsible for thetorrent of evil which was unleashed in Scotland subsequently after Duncans death.Both Lady Macbeth and the supernatural powers must accept at last some of theresponsibility for the evil deeds unleashed during Macbeth reign. They bothforced Macbeth to be proactive in chasing the crown at a time when he was of theopinion that " If chance may have me king why chance may crown me."The play began with the forces of evil stirring Macbeths ambitions nature bydeclaring that he " shall b king thereafter." They then express of thou be none."Banquo noted how Macbeth looked dread and he must have realised the witchesput into words what Macbeth had been thinking. The supernatural forces not onlygot Macbeth thinking about how he could become king tho also laid thefoundations for his feelings of insecurity that would lead to his su bsequentmurder of Banquo.The major external influence pushing Macbeth to kill Duncan was Lady Macbeth.She knew her husband was " too secure o the milk of human kindness" to take theinitiative and she resolved to push him into murdering Duncan Macbeth was soupset after killing Duncan he stated " Ill go no more,I am afraid to think what I have done". Lady Macbeth then accepted theresponsibility of taking the daggers and smearing the grooms with blood. She hadgoaded Macbeth into killing Duncan and she stop him from falling apart withremorse after having done the deed.Macbeths reign as king was one of fear and insecurity that others would take thecrown from him. Of Banquo he said " their is none but he whose being I do fear".Macbeth was obviously thinking back to the prophesies of the witches and he

Essay on Names in The Odyssey and The Bible -- comparison compare cont

Importance of Names in The Odyssey and The Bible Two of the most widely studied ancient flora are Homers Odyssey and the book of Genesis from the Bible. Each of these texts provides a unique viewpoint of an early civilization. In both of the texts, one can necessitate not only stories about great heroes, but also about the way that these peoples lived and what they believed. Many interesting parallels can be drawn between the both developing societies shown in the Odyssey and the book of Genesis. One parallel is the importance placed on names by each culture. Although viewed as important in diametric ways, the value placed on a name shows a striking similarity between the evolving cultures of both the Greeks and the Hebrews. In the Odyssey, Homers fictional characters frequently insinuate to the importance of names. For these ancient Greeks, a name symbolizes ones identity, ancestry, and honor. It is the one thing a man always owns, even if he possesses nothing else. This is intelligibly shown through the hero, Odysseus. While traveling home from the Trojan War, Odysseus, in effect, loses his title, land, and power for twenty years. He remains with nothing but his name to speak for his character and person. As he himself says at the beginning of Book IX when beginning to tell his story to the Phaiacians, First of all I will tell you my name, and consequently you may count me one of your friends if I live to reach my home, although that is far away. I am Odysseus Laertiades, a name well known in the manhood as one who is ready for any event. Although away from his home and all things that could speak well of him, Odysseus is still in possession of his name, which clearly shows his good character. This mother tongue of Odysseus also show... ... to be carefully guarded, for if everything else is lost, it remains forever. Thus, there is nothing more precious to a man than to have a name that carries intrinsic honor and meaning throughout his whole l ife. A man is defined by who he is, and that is shown best through his name. As clearly shown in the texts, to have a good name and to be remembered by it ought to be the main goal for any and every man. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold , Homers Odyssey Edited and with an Introduction, NY, Chelsea House 1988Heubeck, Alfred, J.B. Hainsworth, et al. A commentary on Homers Odyssey. 3 Vols. Oxford PA4167 .H4813 1988 Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York Vintage Books, 1989. Tracy, Stephen V. ,The Story of the Odyssey Princeton UP 1990 The Holy Bible. New Revised Standard Version. Grand Rapids Zondervan, 1989.

Essay on Names in The Odyssey and The Bible -- comparison compare cont

Importance of Names in The Odyssey and The Bible Two of the most widely studied past works are Homers Odyssey and the book of Genesis from the Bible. Each of these texts provides a unique viewpoint of an early civilization. In both of the texts, one tin learn not only stories about great heroes, but also about the way that these peoples lived and what they believed. Many interesting parallels can be drawn in the midst of the two developing societies shown in the Odyssey and the book of Genesis. One parallel is the importance placed on names by each culture. Although viewed as important in different ways, the value placed on a name shows a striking similarity between the evolving cultures of both the Greeks and the Hebrews. In the Odyssey, Homers characters often allude to the importance of names. For these ancient Greeks, a name symbolizes ones identity, ancestry, and honor. It is the one thing a man always owns, even if he possesses cryptograph else. This is clearly shown t hrough the hero, Odysseus. While traveling home from the Trojan War, Odysseus, in effect, loses his title, land, and power for twenty years. He remains with nothing but his name to pronounce for his character and person. As he himself says at the beginning of Book IX when beginning to recount his story to the Phaiacians, First of all I will tell you my name, and then you may count me one of your friends if I live to reach my home, although that is far away. I am Odysseus Laertiades, a name well known in the world as one who is ready for any event. Although away from his home and all things that could speak well of him, Odysseus is still in possession of his name, which clearly shows his effectual character. This speech of Odysseus also show... ... to be carefully guarded, for if everything else is lost, it remains forever. Thus, there is nothing more precious to a man than to run through a name that carries internal honor and meaning throughout his whole life. A man is defined by who he is, and that is shown best through his name. As clearly shown in the texts, to have a good name and to be remembered by it ought to be the main goal for any and every man. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold , Homers Odyssey Edited and with an Introduction, NY, Chelsea House 1988Heubeck, Alfred, J.B. Hainsworth, et al. A comment on Homers Odyssey. 3 Vols. Oxford PA4167 .H4813 1988 Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York Vintage Books, 1989. Tracy, Stephen V. ,The Story of the Odyssey Princeton UP 1990 The Holy Bible. New Revised Standard Version. Grand Rapids Zondervan, 1989.